潜意识编程：关于双耳节拍对创造力的影响文献资料

引言：

研究显示，双耳节拍无论频率如何，都会影响发散性思维，但对聚合性思维没有影响。2013年发表在《人类神经科学前沿》杂志上的一项关于双耳节拍的研究得出结论：双耳节拍可以影响创造力。该杂志由美国国立卫生研究院国家医学图书馆出版

中文摘要译文:

人类的创造力依赖于大脑中很多不同的认知过程，而这些过程中的一些会受到一种叫做多巴胺的化学物质的影响。这意味着，如果我们能改变多巴胺在大脑中的产生或传递，或者影响由多巴胺控制的过程，我们可能可以提升我们的创造力。

在当前的研究中，我们假设通过双耳节拍（心智能量译注：一种被认为是一种认知同步形式的听觉幻觉，通过刺激神经元相位锁定来工作）可以影响创造力。我们的目标是探讨双耳节拍是否会影响创造性表现，是否影响发散性思维（产生新想法的能力）、聚合性思维（解决问题的能力），或两者兼而有之，以及这种可能的效果是否可能受个体纹状体多巴胺水平的调节。双耳节拍的声音分为两种频率：α频段和γ频段。参与者完成了发散性和聚合性思维任务，以评估创造力的两个重要功能，并填写了积极和消极情感量表——情绪状态问卷（PANAS-S）和情感网格，以测量当前的情绪状态。纹状体中的多巴胺水平通过自发眼动速率（EBRs）进行估计。结果显示，双耳节拍无论频率如何，都可以影响发散性思维，但对聚合性思维没有影响。自发眼动速率较低的个体主要受益于α频段的双耳节拍刺激，而自发眼动速率较高的个体则未受影响，甚至在α和γ双耳节拍下表现受损。这表明，双耳节拍，及其他可能的认知同步形式，并不适合一刀切的方式，研究人员在研究如何提升认知能力时需要考虑个体的认知控制系统，应该考虑到每个人大脑的不同。本文由心智能量翻译，禁止转载。

英文摘要原文:

Human creativity relies on a multitude of cognitive processes, some of which are influenced by the neurotransmitter dopamine. This suggests that creativity could be enhanced by interventions that either modulate the production or transmission of dopamine directly, or affect dopamine-driven processes. In the current study we hypothesized that creativity can be influenced by means of binaural beats, an auditory illusion that is considered a form of cognitive entrainment that operates through stimulating neuronal phase locking. We aimed to investigate whether binaural beats affect creative performance at all, whether they affect divergent thinking, convergent thinking, or both, and whether possible effects may be mediated by the individual striatal dopamine level. Binaural beats were presented at alpha and gamma frequency. Participants completed a divergent and a convergent thinking task to assess two important functions of creativity, and filled out the Positive And Negative Affect Scale—mood State questionnaire (PANAS-S) and an affect grid to measure current mood. Dopamine levels in the striatum were estimated using spontaneous eye blink rates (EBRs). Results showed that binaural beats, regardless of the presented frequency, can affect divergent but not convergent thinking. Individuals with low EBRs mostly benefitted from alpha binaural beat stimulation, while individuals with high EBRs were unaffected or even impaired by both alpha and gamma binaural beats. This suggests that binaural beats, and possibly other forms of cognitive entrainment, are not suited for a one-size-fits-all approach, and that individual cognitive-control systems need to be taken into account when studying cognitive enhancement methods.

英文文献地址：

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3827550/